• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a measuring device (600) for measuring the fineness and maturity of cotton fibers, this measuring device (600) comprises a measuring chamber (CM) in which a sample of cotton, the measuring chamber (CM) comprises a first base and a second base which are opposite each other and which can be crossed by a flow of air entering the measuring chamber (CM) through the first base and leaving the measuring chamber ( CM) through the second base, a supply conduit (619) which has an inlet end associated with a source of an air flow and an outlet end associated with the first base of the measuring chamber, a flow regulator ( 611) arranged along the supply duct (609) between its inlet and outlet ends, a first pressure sensor (612) for detecting the air pressure which is arranged along the c supply line (609) upstream of the flow regulator (611), a second pressure sensor (613) to detect the air pressure which is arranged along the supply duct (609) downstream of the flow regulator (611 ) and upstream of the first base of the measuring chamber (CM), an electronic proportional pressure regulator (614) arranged along the supply duct upstream of the first pressure sensor (612) to regulate the air pressure in the supply duct (609), and an electronic processing and control unit (615) associated with the first sensor (612), the second sensor (613) and the proportional electronic pressure regulator (614) and which is programmed to control the proportional electronic regulator of pressure (614) as a function of the detections of the first sensor (612) and of the second sensor (613) or of the second sensor (613) alternately and respectively to keep substantially constant and equal to a value the difference between the air pressure upstream and downstream of the flow regulator (611) or the air pressure entering the measuring chamber (CM) can be set.
    公开号:CH711760B1
    申请号:CH01452/16
    申请日:2016-10-28
    公开日:2020-03-31
    发明作者:Righettini Antonio；Pace Giuseppe
    申请人:Mesdan Spa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of cotton fibers.
    [0002] Numerous parameters are involved in the determination of the quality of cotton fibers and, therefore, in their classification according to classifications which are recognized by national or international bodies and which determine, for example, their commercial value, workability or yield.
    [0003] In general, the quality of cotton fibers is determined by the color, the content of imperfections, such as knots or tangles of fibers («neps»), and impurities, such as for example insect or vegetable residues (fragments of seeds), the degree of «stickiness» («cotton stickiness»), the fineness / maturity of the fibers, the moisture content («moisture»), the length and the dynamometric characteristics (elongation or elongation under tension before breaking and tensile strength, ie the maximum load applicable to traction before breaking).
    [0004] With particular reference to the measurement of the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers, it should be remembered that, as is known, the mature cotton fibers have a hollow cross section and are presented as a flattened bib whose inside is made up of a solid part (cell wall) of cellulose that delimits a hollow part (lumens). Generally, the measurement of the fineness / maturity of the cotton fibers obtained with flowmetric methods is accompanied by the so-called combined index of fineness and maturity known in the sector as Micronaire.
    [0005] Devices for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers which operate with flowmetric methods are known, in which a known quantity of fibers is enclosed within a measuring chamber of known size and crossed by an air flow, the fineness and the maturity of the fibers is determined indirectly by the pressure drops at the ends of the measuring chamber due to the resistance that the fibers oppose to the flow of air that passes through the measuring chamber itself. In these known devices, the flow of air is fed into the measuring chamber through a supply duct along which a flow regulator is placed. Since the resistance to air flow of the flow regulator is much higher than that offered by the fiber sample inserted in the measuring chamber, it is generally assumed that the device operates in conditions of constant flow. However, this condition of constant flow is not guaranteed, the air flow may vary during the tests as the samples tested or the air supply conditions change. This, therefore, inevitably reflects on the measures of finesse and maturity detected.
    [0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
    [0007] Within the scope of this general purpose, a particular object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers which allows to obtain precise fineness and maturity values under the conditions envisaged by current regulations.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers, which is functional and which can be used as a stand-alone apparatus or integrated as a module in a modular apparatus for the measurement of a plurality of characteristics of textile fibers.
    [0009] The object of the present invention is a measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers, claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 4.
    Further characteristics are specified in the dependent claims.
    The characteristics and advantages of a measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers, according to the present invention, will become clearer from the following description, given as an example and not for limiting purposes, referring to the attached schematic drawings in which:<tb> Figs. 1 and 2 <SEP> are axonometric views of a modular apparatus for measuring characteristics of cotton fibers, wherein one of the measuring modules is constituted by the measuring device according to the present invention;<tb> Figs. from 3A to 3C <SEP> show in axonometry a measuring device for measuring fineness and maturity according to the present invention in successive operating positions;<tb> fig. 4 <SEP> is a scheme of the control system of the measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of cotton fibers.
    [0012] With reference to the figures, a modular device for the measurement of a plurality of characteristics of the cotton fibers has been indicated overall with 100.
    [0013] The apparatus 100 comprises a support structure 101 which supports a plurality of modules each comprising at least one measuring device for measuring at least one characteristic of the cotton fibers and a central electronic processing and control unit for controlling and the control of such modules and which is not shown being of a type known to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that each module making up the equipment 100 can be equipped with its own local electronic processing and control unit which is in turn connected to the central electronic processing and control unit.
    [0014] In the embodiment shown in the attached figures, the apparatus 100 comprises:a first module comprising a measuring device 200 for the measurement of stickiness ("cotton stickiness") and of imperfections, of the type of knots ("neps"), and / or of impurities, of the type of fragments of seeds, residues of insects or artificial fibers and in particular polymeric or other, present in cotton fibers,a second module comprising a measuring device 300 for measuring the color and detecting impurities of the cotton fibers,a third module comprising a measuring device 400 for measuring the moisture content, the length and / or at least one dynamometric characteristic chosen by the group comprising the elongation (ie the elongation undergone by the fibers before the tensile break) and the tensile strength (ie the maximum load applied to the fibers before their breakage),a fourth module comprising a device 600 for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers according to the present invention.
    [0015] The apparatus 100 is equipped with two input devices of a respective fiber sample to be tested:a first input device 102, of the conveyor belt type, of a first sample and which feeds the measuring device 200 for the measurement of stickiness and imperfections and / or impurities, anda second input device 103, of the movable drawer type, of a second sample and which supplies in succession the measuring device 300 for the measurement of the color and the detection of impurities and the measuring device 400 for measuring the moisture content, the length and / or dynamometric characteristics of the fibers.
    The measuring device 600 for measuring the fineness and maturity of the fibers is fed by a pneumatic system which picks up the fibers leaving the measuring device 200 for the measurement of stickiness, imperfections and / or impurities and conveys at the input to the measuring device 600.
    [0017] With reference to figs. 3A - 3C and 4, the measuring device 600 is now described for measuring the fineness and maturity of the cotton fibers which operates according to known flowmetric methods.
    As known, the mature cotton fibers have a hollow cross section and are presented as a flattened bavella whose interior is made up of a solid part (cell wall) of cellulose which delimits a hollow part (lumens). Generally, the measurement of the fineness / maturity of the cotton fibers obtained with flowmetric methods is accompanied by the so-called combined index of fineness and maturity known in the sector as Micronaire.
    As mentioned above, the measuring device 600 operates with a flowmetric method, in which a known quantity of fibers is enclosed within a measuring chamber of known dimensions and crossed by an air flow, the fineness and maturity of the fibers is indirectly determined by the pressure drops across the measuring chamber due to the resistance that the fibers oppose to the flow of air that passes through the measuring chamber itself. Said measuring device 600 can operate at constant pressure or at constant flow.
    The measuring device 600 comprises a support frame 601 on which is mounted a measuring chamber CM formed by a hollow cylinder 602 whose axially opposite ends are open. The hollow cylinder 602 is mounted on the frame 601 in a movable way between an insertion station S1 at which a known fiber sample is inserted into the measuring chamber CM, a measuring station S2 at which measurements are carried out on the sample inserted into the measuring chamber CM and an extraction station S3 at which at the end of the measurements the fiber sample is extracted from the measuring chamber CM. In the embodiment shown in the attached figures, the hollow cylinder 602 is mounted on a carousel 603 rotatable around a rotation axis, the insertion station S1, the measuring station S2 and the extraction station S3 being defined along the circular path performed by the hollow cylinder 602. The carousel 603 is mounted between a pair of plates 630a and 630b facing each other and parallel and which are crossed by a plurality of openings suitable for being placed in communication with the open ends of the hollow cylinder 602 and in correspondence of which the three operating stations S1, S2 and S3 are defined.
    The insertion station S1 comprises a feeding conduit 604 for feeding the cotton fibers at the input to the hollow cylinder 602, these cotton fibers are sucked by the output of the measuring device 200 for measuring the stickiness and can be previously weighed. The insertion station S1 then comprises a pair of first pistons which are aligned and opposite to each other and which can be inserted in the opposite ends of the hollow cylinder 602. These first pistons are actuated by a respective first linear actuator 605a, 605b between a protracted position in the cylinder cable 602 to compact the fiber sample inserted in it and a position retracted outside the hollow cylinder 602.
    [0022] The supply conduit 604 and one of the first two pistons communicate with the same open end of the hollow cylinder 602 by means of a fitting 607 fixed to the frame 601.
    The measuring station S2 comprises a pair of second pistons aligned with each other and opposite each other and insertable in the opposite ends of the hollow cylinder 602 to form respectively a first base and a second base. These second pistons and, consequently, the first base and the second base formed by them, are of the air permeable type; for example, they can be of the perforated type with calibrated holes. The second pistons are operated by a respective second linear actuator 608A and 608B between at least one protracted position in the hollow cylinder 602 and a position retracted outside the hollow cylinder 602. A supply conduit 609 (only schematically shown in fig. 4) feeds a air flow into the hollow cylinder 602 through the second piston which defines the first base. The flow of air fed into the hollow cylinder 602 comes out of it through its second base which communicates with the external environment at ambient pressure.
    [0024] The supply conduit 609 has an inlet end associated with a source of an air flow (not shown) and an outlet end associated with a nozzle 610 with which the second piston which defines the first base is associated of the hollow cylinder 602.
    [0025] A flow regulator 611 is arranged along the supply conduit 609, interposed between the input end and the output end of the supply conduit 609 itself. The flow regulator 611 is for example formed by a known restrictor valve.
    Two pressure sensors are then placed along the supply duct 609: a first pressure sensor 612 for detecting the air pressure which is arranged upstream of the flow regulator 611 and a second pressure sensor 613 for detecting the air pressure which is located downstream of the flow regulator 611 and upstream of the first base of the measuring chamber CM.
    [0027] Advantageously, moreover, an electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 is arranged along the supply duct 609 upstream of the first pressure sensor 612 to regulate the air pressure in the supply duct 609.
    [0028] The first pressure sensor 612, the second pressure sensor 613 and the electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 are connected to an electronic processing and control unit 615 which is programmed to control the electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 in operation. of the detections of the first pressure sensor 612 and of the second pressure sensor 613 or of the second pressure sensor 613 alternatively and respectively to maintain substantially constant and equal to a prefixable value the difference between the air pressure upstream and downstream of the regulator of flow 611 or the pressure of the air entering the measuring chamber CM. It is thus possible to operate in conditions of substantially constant flow or of substantially constant pressure at the ends of the CM measuring chamber as required by ASTM D1448-11 standards for the execution of fineness and maturity measurements and from them the Micronaire index.
    [0029] The proportional electronic pressure regulator 614 is therefore selectively and alternately controlled by the unit 615 to keep the pressure difference upstream and downstream of the flow regulator 611 substantially constant and equal to a predetermined value, so as to operate in substantially constant flow.
    [0030] Or the proportional electronic pressure regulator 614 is selectively and alternately controlled by the unit 615 to keep the pressure at the ends of the measuring chamber CM substantially constant and equal to a predetermined value and, therefore, the inlet pressure to it.
    [0031] It is thus possible to operate in effective conditions of constant air flow or pressure at the ends of the measuring chamber CM constant and equal to a predetermined value.
    In fact, it should be noted that at the measuring station S2, the second base of the hollow cylinder 602 communicates with the external environment, so that the detections of the second pressure sensor 613 relate to atmospheric pressure and provide a measurement of the pressure across the measuring chamber CM.
    [0033] The extraction station S3 comprises a third piston which can be inserted in one of the two opposite ends of the hollow cylinder 602. The third piston is operated by a respective third linear actuator 616 which is movable between a position retracted outside the hollow cylinder 602 and a protracted position inside the hollow cylinder 602 for pushing the fibers contained in it outgoing from the opposite open end thereof. This makes it particularly easy to extract the fibers from the CM measuring chamber.
    The fibers expelled from the hollow cylinder 602 fall onto a scale 617 which detects their weight.
    [0035] The operation of the measuring device 600 is immediately understandable for the person skilled in the art from the above description and from the attached figures.
    In short, the carousel 603 brings the hollow cylinder 602 to the insertion station S1 where it is filled with a known quantity of fibers which are compacted by means of the first pistons.
    [0037] The carousel 603 carries the hollow cylinder 602 thus filled in correspondence with the measuring station S2 at which the pressure drop measurements are performed according to known protocols at the ends of the measuring chamber CM through which an air flow passes. These measurements, which can be repeated on the same sample in different compaction conditions, can be performed under conditions of substantially constant flow or of substantially constant pressure.
    [0038] The carousel 603 then brings the hollow cylinder 602 to the extraction station S3 in which the sample is pushed out of the hollow cylinder 602 by means of the thrust action exerted on it by the third piston. The specimen falls on the weighing pan 617 and is weighed.
    [0039] The measurements performed are then processed with known algorithms for the determination of fineness, maturity and from them the Micronaire index.
    [0040] The remaining devices that make up the equipment 100 are not described in detail not being part of the present invention, some of these devices are the subject of contextual patent applications in the name of the same owner.
    [0041] The measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of cotton fibers, thus conceived, is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the invention; moreover, all the details can be replaced by technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials used, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to the technical requirements.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. Measuring device (600) for measuring the fineness and maturity of cotton fibers comprising:- a measuring chamber (CM) in which a sample of cotton fibers can be inserted, said measuring chamber (CM) comprises a first base and a second base which are opposite each other and which can be crossed by a flow of air entering said measuring chamber (CM) through said first base and exiting from said measuring chamber (CM) through said second base,- a supply conduit (619) which has an inlet end associated with a source of an air flow and an outlet end associated with said first base,- a flow regulator (611) arranged along said supply conduit (609) between said inlet and outlet ends thereof,- a first pressure sensor (612) to detect the air pressure which is arranged along said supply duct (609) upstream of said flow regulator (611),- a second pressure sensor (613) for detecting the air pressure which is arranged along said supply duct (609) downstream of said flow regulator (611) and upstream of said first base of said measuring chamber (CM )- an electronic proportional pressure regulator (614) arranged along said supply duct upstream of said first pressure sensor (612) to regulate the air pressure in said supply duct (609),- an electronic processing and control unit (615) associated with said first sensor (612), said second sensor (613) and said proportional electronic pressure regulator (614) and which is programmed to control said proportional electronic pressure regulator ( 614) as a function of the detections of said first sensor (612) and of said second sensor (613) or of said second sensor (613) alternately and respectively to maintain substantially constant and equal to a prefixable value the difference between the air pressure upstream and downstream of said flow regulator (611) or the pressure of the air inlet to said measuring chamber (CM).
    [2]
    Measuring device (600) according to claim 1, characterized in that said measuring chamber (CM) is defined by the internal volume of a hollow cylinder (602) whose axially opposite ends are open and by the fact that it comprises a pair of air permeable pistons, which can be inserted in a corresponding axially opposite end of said hollow cylinder (602) and movable between at least a protracted position inside said hollow cylinder (602) and a position extracted outside of said hollow cylinder ( 602), said pistons defining said first base and said second base.
    [3]
    Measuring device (600) according to claim 2, characterized in that said hollow cylinder (602) is associated with a supporting frame in a mobile way at least between a measuring station (S2) and an extraction station (S3) of the fiber sample present in it, wherein said extraction station (S3) comprises a piston which can be inserted in said hollow cylinder (602) through one of its two axially opposite ends and which is actuated by respective actuator means in a movable way between a position extracted from the outside of said hollow cylinder (602) and a protracted position in said hollow cylinder (602) to push the fiber sample present in it outgoing from the other of said axially opposite ends thereof.
    [4]
    Modular apparatus (100) for measuring a plurality of characteristics of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, said apparatus comprising a plurality of modules each comprising at least one measuring device for measuring at least one characteristic of said textile fibers and a central processing and control unit for controlling said modules, characterized in that one of said modules comprises a measuring device (600) according to claims 1 to 3.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ITUB2015A004753A|ITUB20154753A1|2015-10-30|2015-10-30|MEASUREMENT DEVICE FOR MEASURING FINE AND MATURITY? OF COTTON FIBER.|
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